Nalalka LED-yadu waxay iftiimiyaan adduunkeena, oo udub dhexaad kasta oo wax qabad sare leh ayaa jiifawafer epitaxial- waa qayb muhiim ah oo qeexaysa dhalaalkeeda, midabkeeda, iyo waxtarkeeda. Iyagoo si fiican u baranaya sayniska koritaanka epitaxial, soosaarayaashu waxay furayaan fursado cusub oo tamarta-badbaadinta ah iyo xalalka nalka ee waxtarka leh.
1. Farsamooyinka Kobaca Wanagsan ee Waxtarka Weyn
Habka kobaca laba-tallaabo ee caadiga ah ee maanta, in kasta oo wax ku ool ah, ayaa xaddidaya miisaanka. Inta badan reactors-ganacsiyeedku waxay koraan lix wafer oo keliya dufcaddiiba. Warshadaha ayaa u wareegaya dhanka:
- Reactors-awood sare lehkuwaas oo gacanta ku haya wafers badan, dhimaya kharashaadka iyo kor u qaadida wax soo saarka.
- Mashiinnada wafer-ka ah oo aad u toosanJoogteynta sare iyo soo celinta.
2. HVPE: Jidka degdega ah ee loo maro alaab tayo sare leh
Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy (HVPE) waxay si degdeg ah u soo saartaa lakabyo GaN oo dhumuc weyn leh oo leh cillado yar, oo ku fiican sida substrates hababka kale ee koritaanka. Filimadan GaN ee xorta ah waxay xitaa la tartami karaan chips GaN badan. Qabashada? Dhumucduna way adag tahay in la xakameeyo, kiimikooyinkana waxay hoos u dhigi karaan qalabka waqti ka dib.
3. Kobaca dambe: Kiristaalo jilicsan, Iftiin Wanaagsan
Iyaga oo si taxadar leh u sawiraya maraqa maaskaro iyo dariishadaha, soosaarayaashu waxay hagayaan GaN inay kor u koraan oo keliya, laakiin dhinacna u koraan. Tani "epitaxy lateral" waxay buuxinaysaa daldaloolada leh cillado yar, abuurista qaab-dhismeedka crystal-ka ee waxtarka sare leh ee LED-yada.
4. Pendeo-Epitaxy: U ogolaanshaha kiristaalo sabbaynaya
Waa kuwan wax soo jiidasho leh: injineeradu waxay ku koraan GaN tiirar dhaadheer ka dibna u oggolaadaan inay "buundo" dulmaraan meel bannaan. Koritaankan sabayntu waxa ay meesha ka saaraysaa culayska badan ee ay keenaan maaddooyinka is-khilaafsan, taasoo keenaysa lakabyo crystals ah oo ka xoog badan oo saafi ah.
5. Iftiiminta UV Spectrum
Qalab cusub ayaa iftiinka LED si qoto dheer ugu riixaya xadka UV. Maxay tani muhiim u tahay? Iftiinka UV wuxuu dhaqaajin karaa fosfooraska horumarsan oo leh waxtar aad uga sarreeya marka loo eego xulashooyinka dhaqanka, isagoo albaabka u furaya LED-yada cad-cad ee soo socda kuwaas oo labadaba dhalaalaya oo tamar badan leh.
6. Chips Well-Quantum Multi-Quantum: Midabka Gudaha
Halkii la isku dari lahaa LEDs kala duwan si loo sameeyo iftiin cad, maxaad u korin dhammaan hal? Chips-yada ceelasha-kuwa-badan (MQW) ayaa sidaas sameeya iyaga oo ku dhejinaya lakabyo sii daaya hirarka hirarka kala duwan, iyaga oo si toos ah ugu dhex dara iftiinka chip-ka. Waa wax ku ool ah, is haysta, iyo xarrago leh-in kasta oo ay adag tahay in la soo saaro.
7. Iftiinka dib-u-warshadaynta oo leh Photonics
Sumitomo iyo Jaamacadda Boston waxay muujiyeen in isku-darka alaabta sida ZnSe iyo AlInGaP ee LED-yada buluuga ah ay "dib u warshadayn karaan" sawir-qaadista oo noqon karta muuqaal cad oo buuxa. Farsamadan lakabka leh ee caqliga leh waxay ka tarjumaysaa isku-dhafka xiisaha leh ee sayniska agabka iyo sawir-qaadista shaqada ee naqshadeynta LED-ka casriga ah.
Sida loo sameeyo Wafers Epitaxial LED
Laga bilaabo substrate ilaa chip, halkan waa safar la fududeeyay:
- Marxaladda Kobaca:Substrate → Naqshad → Buffer → N-GaN → MQW → P-GaN → Anneal → Kormeer
- Marxaladda Farsamaynta:Maaskarada → Lithography → Etching → N/P Electrodes → Dicing → Kala soocida
Nidaamkan taxaddar leh wuxuu hubinayaa in chip kasta oo LED uu keeno waxqabadka aad ku xisaabtami karto - haddii ay shidayso shaashaddaada ama magaaladaada.
Waqtiga boostada: Jul-08-2025